La Declaración del informante dentro del proceso penal colombiano
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León Rodríguez, Geiner Augusto
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En el presente artículo reflexivo busca generar una orientación al lector hacia un análisis
jurídico sobre el procedimiento actual de la declaración jurada del “Informante” como uno de los
medios idóneos que le provee al Fiscal, la posibilidad de decretar una orden de allanamiento y
registro a un inmueble para obtener elementos materiales probatorios y evidencia física para
sacar avante su caso, orden legal que de manera excepcional ampara la vulneración del derecho
fundamental a la protección del domicilio de las personas y por ende el de su intimidad familiar
y/o personal. Sin embargo, el procedimiento de recepcionar una declaración con los informantes
es diametralmente opuesto, al que se le practica a un testigo y/o declarante, porque mientras que
al primero de los enunciados se fundamenta en la reserva de su identidad (anonimato), el
aplicado a los segundos, debe ser publicó y con aplicación de debate probatorio para su
aceptación procesal como medio de prueba. Posteriormente ante la Corte Constitucional
Colombiana se planteó este problema Jurídico en el año 2005, decantándose entonces los
lineamientos claros para la recepción de declaraciones a los informantes, sometiendo esta
actividad investigativa a un control previo y posterior por parte de los operadores judiciales
(Fiscal/ Juez de control de garantías) quienes están constitucional y legalmente amparados a la
observancia de las garantías judiciales y de la protección de los derechos fundamentales de las
personas y al resarcimiento de los que hayan sido vulnerados.
In this reflective article we proceed to guide the reader to a legal analysis of the current procedure of the affidavit of the "Informant" as one of the ideal means that provides the Prosecutor with the possibility of issuing a search warrant and search of a property. to obtain probative material elements and physical evidence to advance your case, a legal order that exceptionally protects the violation of the fundamental right to the protection of people's homes. However, the procedure for receiving a statement with the informants is diametrically opposed to that which is practiced on a witness and/or declarant, because while the first of the statements is based on the confidentiality of their identity (anonymity), the applied to the seconds, it must be published and with an evidentiary debate application for its evaluation as a means of proof. This legal problem was raised before the Colombian Constitutional Court in 2005, then establishing clear guidelines for receiving statements from informants, finally submitting this investigative activity to prior and subsequent control by judicial operators (Prosecutor / Judge control of guarantees) who are constitutionally and legally covered by the observance of judicial guarantees and the protection of the fundamental rights of individuals and compensation for those who have been violated.
In this reflective article we proceed to guide the reader to a legal analysis of the current procedure of the affidavit of the "Informant" as one of the ideal means that provides the Prosecutor with the possibility of issuing a search warrant and search of a property. to obtain probative material elements and physical evidence to advance your case, a legal order that exceptionally protects the violation of the fundamental right to the protection of people's homes. However, the procedure for receiving a statement with the informants is diametrically opposed to that which is practiced on a witness and/or declarant, because while the first of the statements is based on the confidentiality of their identity (anonymity), the applied to the seconds, it must be published and with an evidentiary debate application for its evaluation as a means of proof. This legal problem was raised before the Colombian Constitutional Court in 2005, then establishing clear guidelines for receiving statements from informants, finally submitting this investigative activity to prior and subsequent control by judicial operators (Prosecutor / Judge control of guarantees) who are constitutionally and legally covered by the observance of judicial guarantees and the protection of the fundamental rights of individuals and compensation for those who have been violated.
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León Rodríguez, G. A. (2023).La Declaración del informante dentro del proceso penal colombiano. [Tesis de especialización]. Caldas, Colombia: Escuela Superior de Administración Pública. Facultad de posgrados. Especialización en derechos humanos.